In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games
were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus.
The warm climate for outdoor activities, the need for preparedness in war, and
their lifestyle caused the Greeks to create competitive sports. Only the elite
and military could participate at first, but later the games were open to all
free Greek males who had no criminal record. The Greeks emphasized physical
fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, contest in
running, jumping, discuss and javelin throwing, boxing, and horse and chariot
racing were held in individual cities, and the winners competed every four
years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths
placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally these
contests were held as games of friendship, and any wars in progress were halted
to allow the games to take place. They also helped to strengthen bonds among
competitors and the different cities represented.
The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time
in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C. The contest
coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the
part of the participants to please the gods. Any who disobeyed the rules were
dismissed and seriously punished. These athletes brought shame not only to
themselves, but also to the cities they represented.
1. Which of the following is NOT true?
a.
Winners placed olive wreaths on their own heads.
b.
The games were held in Greece every four years.
c.
Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.
d.
Poem glorified the winners in song.
Answer: the incorrect answer is C. Battles were interrupted to participate
in the games. Karena dalam paragraph dijelaskan “The contest coincided with
religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the
participants to please the gods.”
2. The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in
meaning to…
a.
Aristocracy c.
intellectuals
b.
Brave
d. muscular
Answer
: the correct answer is A. Aristocracy. The meaning of “elite” is golongan atas
or golongan
,masyarakat elit and Aristocracy is bangsawan.
3. Why were the Olympic Games held?
a.
To stop
wars
c. To crown the best athletes
b.
To honor Zeus d.
To sing songs about the athletes
Answer
: the correct answer is B. To honor
Zeus. The first sentences dijelaskan bahwa “In 776 B.C., the first
Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief
god, Zeus.”
4. Approximately how many years ago did
these games originate?
a.
800
years b.
1,200
years
c. 2,300
years
d.
2,800 years
Answer: D. 2800 years. Dalam paragraph di atas dikatakan
bahwa Olympic Games pertama kali ada ada tahun 776 B.C (776 sebelum masehi)
saat ini tahun 2012 maka Olympic games terjadi sejak 2012 + 776 = 2788 ~ 2800
tahun yang lalu.
5. What conclusion can we draw about the
ancient Greeks?
a.
They were pacifists.
b.
They believed athletic events were important
c.
They were very simple
d.
They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates
Answer :the correct answer is B. They believed athletic
events were important. Di kalimat pertama pada paragraf ke dua dijelaskan “The
Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in
four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
6. What is the main idea of this passage?
a.
Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
b. The Greeks severely
punished those who did not participate in physical fitness programs
c.
The Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games
d.
The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could
go back to war when the games were over.
Answer : the correct answer is D. The Greeks had the
games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war
when the games were over. Terdapat pada paragraph kedua di kalimat kedua.
7. In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest
in meaning to
a.
Accomplishments
b.
Ancestors
c.
Documents
d.
Property
Answer : the correct answer is A. Accomplishments.
Makna dari “deeds” adalah tindakan atau perbuatan. dalam kalimat tersebut dapat
juga diartikan dengan Accomplishments yang secara harfiah berarti penyelesaian,
prestasi, atau kemahiran.
8.
Which of the following was ultimately required of all athletes competing in the
Olympics?
a.
They must have completed military service
b.
They had to attend special training sessions
c.
They had to be Greek males with no criminal record
d.
They had to be very religious
Answer
: C. They had to be Greek
males with no criminal record. Dijelaskan pada kalimat ketiga pada
paragraph pertama yaitu “but later the games were open to all free Greek males
who had no criminal record.”
9. The word “halted” in line 16 means most
nearly the same as ..
a.
Encourages
b.
Started
c.
Curtailed
d.
Fixed
Answer: the correct answer C. Curtailed. Makna
dari “halted” adalah berhenti sebentar yang dalam kalimat diatas dapat juga
berarti Curtailed yang memiliki makna membatasi atau mengurangi.
10. What is an “Olympiad”?
a.
The time it took to finish the games
b.
The time between games
c.
The it took to finish a war
d.
The time it took the athletes to train
Answer
: the correct answer is B. The time between games. Dijelaskan dalam
kalimat “the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called
“Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
STYLISTIC
PROBLEMS
1. The defendant refused to answer the
prosecutor’s questions ____________
a.
Because he was afraid it would incriminate him.
b.
For fear that they will incriminate him
c.
Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
d.
Fearing that he will be incriminated by it
Answer
: C. Because he was afraid that his
answers would incriminate him. dalam soal diketahui bahwa “questions”
adalah bentuk jamak. Maka jawaban C adalah yang tepat karena “that his answers”
juga berbentuk jamak.
2. Mrs. Walker has returned_______________
a.
A wallet back to its original owner
b.
To its original owner the wallet
c.
The wallet to its originally owner
d.
The wallet to its original owner
Answer
: D. The wallet to its original
owner. Kata “return” diikuti dengan kata “to” dan owner diikuti dengan
adverb. Dalam hal ini jawaban D.
3. The hospital owes____________ for the
construction of the new wing.
a.
The government twenty million dollars
b.
For the government twenty million dollars
c.
To the government twenty million dollars
d.
Twenty million of dollars to the government
Answer
: A. The government twenty million
dollars. Pada dasarnya struktur dari kalimat tersebut setelah verb lalu
dilanjutkan dengan objek. Maka jawaban A adalah yang paling tepat.
4. Sarah ____________ that she could not
attend classes next week.
a.
Told to her professors
b.
Said her professors
c.
Told her professors
d.
Is telling her professors
Answer
: C. Told her professors. Susunan
yang benar adalah tidak menggunakan “to” maka jawaban yang tepat adalah C.
5. The artist was asked to show some
paintings at the contest because__________
a.
He painted very good
b.
They believed he painted well
c.
Of their belief that he was an good artist
d. The
judges had been told of his talents
Answer
: B. They believed he painted well.
Dari keempat jawaban yang disediakan yang paling tepat susunannya adalah
jawaban B karena setelah verb (painted) dibutuhkan adverb (well) bukan
adjective.
6. If
motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they
will be stopped,
A
B
C
ticketed, and have to pay a fine.
D
The
incorrect answer is have to pay a fine (D) and the correct answer is have to
be paid a fine
- · If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and have to be paid a fine.
The
reason: because "stopped" and "ticketed" is passive, so "have to pay a fine” must be passive too.
7. Fred, who
usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night
A
B
because he had an accident on his way to the practice.
C
D
The
incorrect answer is The choir rehearsals (A) and the correct answer is the
choir rehearsal
- · Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsal, did not show up last night because he had an accident on his way to the practice.
The
reason: dalam kalimat tersebut tidak dibutuhkan huruf "s" pada kata
rehearseal karena bukan verb dari kata "the choir
8. A
short time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams
of her daughter
A
B
C
who lives overseas.
D
The
incorrect answer is dreams (C) and the correct answer is dreamed.
- · A short time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreamed of her daughter who lives overseas.
The
reason: because this sentences is past so dreams must be past too
9. The
atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling
to all
A
B
who have the good fortune to visit there.
C D
The
incorrect answer is Who (C) and the correct answer is that.
- · The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all that have the good fortune to visit there.
The
reason: word that is use to explain “the atmosphere”
10. Some of the
people were standing in the street watched the parade,
A
B
C
while others were singing songs.
D
The
incorrect answer is Watched (C) and the correct answer is Watching.
- · Some of the people were standing in the street watching the parade, while others were singing songs.
The
reason: because this sentences is past participle so the verb must use verb-ing
dan kalimat di atas sebenarnya juga merupakan penggabungan dua kalimat
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